The Role of the Human Liver

The human liver is the largest gland of the body and the only internal organ that regenerates itself if damaged. The liver filters your blood and works with your gallbladder, pancreas and intestines to digest and process food.

Function

The liver secretes bile, which is required for the digestion of fats, the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, the assimilation of calcium, and the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A.

Metabolism

The liver, which produces lipoproteins, cholesterol, and phospholipids, plays an important role in fat metabolism and provides storage of fat-soluble vitamins A, E, D and B12, and some minerals for later use.

Detoxification

The liver detoxifies ammonia—a byproduct of protein digestion—and other toxic substances, such as pesticide residues, drugs, alcohol, so they can be excreted via your kidneys and bowel.

Hormones

The liver is responsible for the conversion of thyroid hormone; if done inadequately, hypothyroidism may result. The liver also breaks down adrenaline, aldosterone, estrogen and insulin, after these hormones have performed their functions.

Blood Sugar

The liver assists in blood sugar regulation by creating the glucose tolerance factor (GTF) and converting excess sugars into glycogen, which it stores for later use.